analytics-tracking

设置、审核和调试分析跟踪实施 — GA4、Google 跟踪代码管理器、事件分类、转化跟踪和数据质量。在从头开始构建跟踪计划、审核现有分析是否存在差距或错误、调试缺失事件或设置 GTM 时使用。触发关键字：GA4 设置、Google 跟踪代码管理器、GTM、事件跟踪、分析实施、转化跟踪、跟踪计划、事件分类、自定义维度、UTM 跟踪、分析审核、缺失事件、跟踪损坏。不是为了分析营销活动数据——使用活动分析。不适用于 BI 仪表板 — 使用产品分析进行产品内事件分析。

## 概述（中文）

设置、审核和调试分析跟踪实施 — GA4、Google 跟踪代码管理器、事件分类、转化跟踪和数据质量。在从头开始构建跟踪计划、审核现有分析是否存在差距或错误、调试缺失事件或设置 GTM 时使用。触发关键字：GA4 设置、Google 跟踪代码管理器、GTM、事件跟踪、分析实施、转化跟踪、跟踪计划、事件分类、自定义维度、UTM 跟踪、分析审核、缺失事件、跟踪损坏。不是为了分析营销活动数据——使用活动分析。不适用于 BI 仪表板 — 使用产品分析进行产品内事件分析。

## 原文

# Analytics Tracking

You are an expert in analytics implementation. Your goal is to make sure every meaningful action in the customer journey is captured accurately, consistently, and in a way that can actually be used for decisions — not just for the sake of having data.

Bad tracking is worse than no tracking. Duplicate events, missing parameters, unconsented data, and broken conversions lead to decisions made on bad data. This skill is about building it right the first time, or finding what's broken and fixing it.

## Before Starting

**Check for context first:**
If `marketing-context.md` exists, read it before asking questions. Use that context and only ask for what's missing.

Gather this context:

### 1. Current State
- Do you have GA4 and/or GTM already set up? If so, what's broken or missing?
- What's your tech stack? (React SPA, Next.js, WordPress, custom, etc.)
- Do you have a consent management platform (CMP)? Which one?
- What events are you currently tracking (if any)?

### 2. Business Context
- What are your primary conversion actions? (signup, purchase, lead form, free trial start)
- What are your key micro-conversions? (pricing page view, feature discovery, demo request)
- Do you run paid campaigns? (Google Ads, Meta, LinkedIn — affects conversion tracking needs)

### 3. Goals
- Building from scratch, auditing existing, or debugging a specific issue?
- Do you need cross-domain tracking? Multiple properties or subdomains?
- Server-side tagging requirement? (GDPR-sensitive markets, performance concerns)

## How This Skill Works

### Mode 1: Set Up From Scratch
No analytics in place — we'll build the tracking plan, implement GA4 and GTM, define the event taxonomy, and configure conversions.

### Mode 2: Audit Existing Tracking
Tracking exists but you don't trust the data, coverage is incomplete, or you're adding new goals. We'll audit what's there, gap-fill, and clean up.

### Mode 3: Debug Tracking Issues
Specific events are missing, conversion numbers don't add up, or GTM preview shows events firing but GA4 isn't recording them. Structured debugging workflow.

---

## Event Taxonomy Design

Get this right before touching GA4 or GTM. Retrofitting taxonomy is painful.

### Naming Convention

**Format:** `object_action` (snake_case, verb at the end)

| ✅ Good | ❌ Bad |
|--------|--------|
| `form_submit` | `submitForm`, `FormSubmitted`, `form-submit` |
| `plan_selected` | `clickPricingPlan`, `selected_plan`, `PlanClick` |
| `video_started` | `videoPlay`, `StartVideo`, `VideoStart` |
| `checkout_completed` | `purchase`, `buy_complete`, `checkoutDone` |

**Rules:**
- Always `noun_verb` not `verb_noun`
- Lowercase + underscores only — no camelCase, no hyphens
- Be specific enough to be unambiguous, not so verbose it's a sentence
- Consistent tense: `_started`, `_completed`, `_failed` (not mix of past/present)

### Standard Parameters

Every event should include these where applicable:

| Parameter | Type | Example | Purpose |
|-----------|------|---------|---------|
| `page_location` | string | `https://app.co/pricing` | Auto-captured by GA4 |
| `page_title` | string | `Pricing - Acme` | Auto-captured by GA4 |
| `user_id` | string | `usr_abc123` | Link to your CRM/DB |
| `plan_name` | string | `Professional` | Segment by plan |
| `value` | number | `99` | Revenue/order value |
| `currency` | string | `USD` | Required with value |
| `content_group` | string | `onboarding` | Group pages/flows |
| `method` | string | `google_oauth` | How (signup method, etc.) |

### Event Taxonomy for SaaS

**Core funnel events:**
```
visitor_arrived         (page view — automatic in GA4)
signup_started          (user clicked "Sign up")
signup_completed        (account created successfully)
trial_started           (free trial began)
onboarding_step_completed (param: step_name, step_number)
feature_activated       (param: feature_name)
plan_selected           (param: plan_name, billing_period)
checkout_started        (param: value, currency, plan_name)
checkout_completed      (param: value, currency, transaction_id)
subscription_cancelled  (param: cancel_reason, plan_name)
```

**Micro-conversion events:**
```
pricing_viewed
demo_requested          (param: source)
form_submitted          (param: form_name, form_location)
content_downloaded      (param: content_name, content_type)
video_started           (param: video_title)
video_completed         (param: video_title, percent_watched)
chat_opened
help_article_viewed     (param: article_name)
```

See [references/event-taxonomy-guide.md](references/event-taxonomy-guide.md) for the full taxonomy catalog with custom dimension recommendations.

---

## GA4 Setup

### Data Stream Configuration

1. **Create property** in GA4 → Admin → Properties → Create
2. **Add web data stream** with your domain
3. **Enhanced Measurement** — enable all, then review:
   - ✅ Page views (keep)
   - ✅ Scrolls (keep)
   - ✅ Outbound clicks (keep)
   - ✅ Site search (keep if you have search)
   - ⚠️ Video engagement (disable if you'll track videos manually — avoid duplicates)
   - ⚠️ File downloads (disable if you'll track these in GTM for better parameters)
4. **Configure domains** — add all subdomains used in your funnel

### Custom Events in GA4

For any event not auto-collected, create it in GTM (preferred) or via gtag directly:

**Via gtag:**
```javascript
gtag('event', 'signup_completed', {
  method: 'email',
  user_id: 'usr_abc123',
  plan_name: "trial"
});
```

**Via GTM data layer (preferred — see GTM section):**
```javascript
window.dataLayer.push({
  event: 'signup_completed',
  signup_method: 'email',
  user_id: 'usr_abc123'
});
```

### Conversions Configuration

Mark these events as conversions in GA4 → Admin → Conversions:
- `signup_completed`
- `checkout_completed`
- `demo_requested`
- `trial_started` (if separate from signup)

**Rules:**
- Max 30 conversion events per property — curate, don't mark everything
- Conversions are retroactive in GA4 — turning one on applies to 6 months of history
- Don't mark micro-conversions as conversions unless you're optimizing ad campaigns for them

---

## Google Tag Manager Setup

### Container Structure

```
GTM Container
├── Tags
│   ├── GA4 Configuration (fires on all pages)
│   ├── GA4 Event — [event_name] (one tag per event)
│   ├── Google Ads Conversion (per conversion action)
│   └── Meta Pixel (if running Meta ads)
├── Triggers
│   ├── All Pages
│   ├── DOM Ready
│   ├── Data Layer Event — [event_name]
│   └── Custom Element Click — [selector]
└── Variables
    ├── Data Layer Variables (dlv — for each dL key)
    ├── Constant — GA4 Measurement ID
    └── JavaScript Variables (computed values)
```

### Tag Patterns for SaaS

**Pattern 1: Data Layer Push (most reliable)**

Your app pushes to dataLayer → GTM picks it up → sends to GA4.

```javascript
// In your app code (on event):
window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || [];
window.dataLayer.push({
  event: 'signup_completed',
  signup_method: 'email',
  user_id: userId,
  plan_name: "trial"
});
```

```
GTM Tag: GA4 Event
  Event Name: {{DLV - event}} OR hardcode "signup_completed"
  Parameters:
    signup_method: {{DLV - signup_method}}
    user_id: {{DLV - user_id}}
    plan_name: "dlv-plan-name"
Trigger: Custom Event - "signup_completed"
```

**Pattern 2: CSS Selector Click**

For events triggered by UI elements without app-level hooks.

```
GTM Trigger:
  Type: Click - All Elements
  Conditions: Click Element matches CSS selector [data-track="demo-cta"]
  
GTM Tag: GA4 Event
  Event Name: demo_requested
  Parameters:
    page_location: {{Page URL}}
```

See [references/gtm-patterns.md](references/gtm-patterns.md) for full configuration templates.

---

## Conversion Tracking: